fig21

Figure 21. (A) Schematic illustration of the self-assembly of bio-reducible DS-HOF for intracellular protein delivery and mutant RAS signaling rewiring in cancer cells; (B) Western blot assay of RAS and p-ERK1/2 in HCT-116 cells following the treatment of DUF5@DS-HOF and DUF5@TAHOF NPs (DUF5 concentration: 400 nM); (C) DUF5@DSHOF delivery prohibited HCT-116 cell growth. HCT-116 cells were treated with GFP@DS-HOF or DUF5@DS-HOF at indicated concentrations before cell viability assay; (D) Tumor volume of HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice received different injections as indicated. Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 5); (E) Western blot assay of RAS and p-ERK1/2 in tumors harvested from mice that received different DUF5 and NP treatments; (F) TUNEL analysis (for cell apoptosis) and H&E staining of tumor tissues harvested from mice received different treatments as indicated. Scale bar: 100 μm. Reprinted with permission from Ref.^[165], Copyright © 2023 by American Chemical Society. DS: Disulfide; HOF: hydrogen-bonded organic framework; RAS: rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; p-ERK: phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase; HCT: human colon tumor; DUF5: domain of unknown function 5; NPs: nanoparticles; GFP: green fluorescent protein; SD: standard deviation; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling.