fig14

Figure 14. (A) Na⁺ solvation and (003) plane interface chemistry of cathodes. (B) EIS plots and (C and D) R_ct and R_CEI fitted models. (A-D) Reproduced with permission^[171]. Copyright 2023. Springer; (E) Calculated battery-level energy density (E_g) as a function of cut-off voltage in the NFM||HC cell. (F) Solvation sheath structures of LHCE (NaFSI-G2-TE) and IRE (NaFSI-G2-DM), and their corresponding HOMO/LUMO. (E and F) Reproduced with permission^[173]. Copyright 2025. Wiley-VCH GmbH; (G) LSV of Na||stainless steel half cells. (H) Combustion testing of E-Control and NaTFSI/SUL:OTE:FEC. (G and H) Reproduced with permission^[176]. Copyright 2024. Springer. EIS: Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; NFM: NaNi_1/3Mn_1/3Fe_1/3O₂; HC: hard carbon; LHCE: localized high-concentration electrolyte; IRE: intermolecular-reinforced ether; HOMO: highest occupied molecular orbital; LUMO: lowest unoccupied molecular orbital; SUL: sulfone; OTE: 1H, 1H, 5H-octafluoropentyl-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl ether; FEC: fluoroethylene carbonate; CEI: cathode electrolyte interphase; DEC: diethyl carbonate; EMC: ethyl methyl carbonate; PC: propylene carbonate; DMC: dimethyl carbonate.