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Figure 2. Optimization of fiber structures and designs. (A) Ion transmission structures mimicking neural synapses are realized by constructing ion channels with different twisting degrees on a cellulose fiber substrate^[43]. Copyright 2025, American Chemical Society; (B) A lightweight, semi-transparent fiber filmwith a nacre-inspired multi-level channel structure^[45]. Copyright 2023, Wiley‐VCH; (C) Schematic illustrating the transformation of a two-dimensional film with micro-patterned components into a one-dimensional fiber; (D) SEM image of a 320-channel optical fiber; (E) Wireless S-NeuroString for intestinal monitoring; (F) Structure of the S-NeuroString with integrated sensors and stimulation electrodes; (G) Representative sensor outputs showing intestinal contraction patterns. (C-G) are reproduced from Reference^[46]. Copyright 2025, Springer Nature. SEM: Scanning electron microscopy; S-NeuroString: Spiral-NeuroString; PEDOT: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); SCQs: spring-back-assisted BC-PMSQ; BC: bacterial cellulose; PMSQ: polymethylsilsesquioxane.