fig6
From: Hydrogel-driven construction of integrated cancer theranostic platforms: from diagnosis to therapy
Figure 6. Schematic diagram illustrating the combination of hydrogels and nanomotors for mitigating intravesical drug clearance during intravesical administration. ① Conventional intravesical drug delivery is susceptible to urine flushing, leading to poor therapeutic efficacy. ② Drug-loaded hydrogels enable favorable intravesical retention of therapeutic components. ③ Nanomotors embedded within the hydrogel can actively migrate, achieving better penetration capability [Created in BioRender. Mao, X. (2026) https://BioRender.com/bdbj9ux]. NMIBC: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer; UMN: urease-powered membrane nanomotors; PLGA: poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); PLX: poloxamer 407; HA: hyaluronic acid.
